Typically, it performs 19 basic operations to create a bottle. Most machines are driven by compressed air (high pressure at 4.2 bar, low pressure at 2.2 bar) and controlled electronically by timers.

The most common machine is the Individual Section Machine (IS machine), featuring 2-20 identical sections. Each section has a complete mechanism set to meet production needs, with gobs fed to each section by a moving scoop called the gob distributor. The machine can handle one to four bottles per cycle, and newer models can manage up to six.

• Annealing

  Glass shrinks and solidifies as it cools. Uneven or rapid cooling can cause stress, making the glass fragile or even causing it to shatter. Annealing ovens heat the glass to about 580°C and then cool it slowly to relieve any stress formed during shaping, ensuring the durability of the glass containers. The duration of the annealing process varies with glass thickness, typically ranging from 20 to 60 minutes.